f3b1bab1-e799-415f-b383-2ae6d72cad15 https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=mnknu_catalogue_of_primates Nataliia Perevozchikova Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Senior researcher

Trinkler str., 8 Kharkiv Kharkiv 61000 UA

mnknu.gbif@gmail.com Svitlana Yeremenko Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Senior Researcher

Trinkler str., 8 Kharkiv Kharkiv 61000 UA

eremenko2705@gmail.com Yurii Yatsenko Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

Trinkler str., 8 Kharkiv Kharkiv 61000 UA

vikjur73@gmail.com Glib Mazepa Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

Trinkler str., 8 Kharkiv Kharkiv 61000 UA

mnknu.gbif@gmail.com Oleh Prylutskyi Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve "Askania Nova" of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine oleh.prylutskyi@gmail.com custodianSteward 2025-11-26 eng The Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (MNKNU) has the largest primate collection in Ukraine, comprising 217 specimens of 58 species, including Homo sapiens. The non-human species represented in the museum comprise 11% of the total number of primates, according to the Mammal Diversity Database v2.2 (further MDD, accessed August 2025), and are distributed across four of the eight biogeographic kingdoms, according to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). The foundation of the MNKNU’s primate collection dates back to the first quarter of the XIXth century, thus, the record for the oldest stuffed animal in the collection - a golden lion tamarin Leontopithecus rosalia (L., 1766), - dates back to 1826. The collection is represented by several types of preservation groups and includes 103 stuffed animals, 87 dry, and 27 wet preparations. In 2009, the museum's Primates catalog was published on paper. Since then, changes to systematics, new additions to the collection, and the urgent need to safeguard information about the collection due to the high risk of destruction by the Russian army have made digitizing the MNKNU Primates collection relevant. It also provides an opportunity to make it available and remotely accessible to a wider range of dedicated specialists. Occurrence Primates collection historical catalogues and inverntory books GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml Specimen GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License. Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 International https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-NC-4.0.html CC-BY-NC-4.0 https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/archive.do?r=mnknu_catalogue_of_primates With a minor exception, the primate vouchers lack exact information on the sampling localities, yet, their taxonomic affiliation covers South America, Africa, and Eurasia. -180 180 90 -90 phylum Chordata family Pitheciidae Mivart, 1865 family Daubentoniidae Gray, 1863 family Galagidae Gray, 1825 family Hominidae Gray, 1825 family Lorisidae Gray, 1821 family Cercopithecidae Gray, 1821 family Cebidae Bonaparte, 1831 order Primates Linnaeus, 1758 family Tarsiidae Gray, 1825 class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 family Hylobatidae Gray, 1871 family Callithricidae Gray, 1822 family Callithricidae Gray, 1821 kingdom Animalia family Lemuridae Gray, 1821 family Atelidae Gray, 1825 Cited from Perevozchikova et al. (in press): The Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (MNKNU) has the largest primate collection in Ukraine, comprising 217 specimens of 59 species, including Homo sapiens. The non-human species represented in the museum comprise 11% of the total number of primates, according to the Mammal Diversity Database v2.2 (further MDD, accessed August 2025), and are distributed across four of the eight biogeographic kingdoms, according to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). The foundation of the MNKNU’s primate collection dates back to the first quarter of the XIXth century, thus, the record for the oldest stuffed animal in the collection - a golden lion tamarin Leontopithecus rosalia (L., 1766), - dates back to 1826. The collection is represented by several types of preservation groups and includes 103 stuffed animals of 54 determined species, 87 dry, and 27 wet preparations. In the present work, we report the result of the revision of the primates collection, including taxonomical redetermination, as well as performed digitization of the part of the collection (represented by stuffed animals) accompanied by the original historical inventory data (index cards catalogue, inventory books, and printed catalogues). Cited from Perevozchikova et al. (in press): Digitization and mobilization of natural scientific collections is a global trend with a particular actuality in Ukraine due to the high risks of destruction due to the Russian war of aggression. Recently, several initiatives targeted digitization of herbaria or animal collections in Ukraine (Vasyliuk et al., 2022; Novikov et al., 2024; Novikov et al., 2025). One of the outcomes of this process is the representation of the museum collection in the online resources, which implies open access to the otherwise inaccessible scientific and historical data (e.g., Bezzera et al., 2024). The Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (MNKNU) has the largest primate collection in Ukraine, which today counts 217 specimens of 59 species, including Homo sapiens. In 2009, the museum's catalogue of Primates (Levchenko & Perevozchikova, 2009) was printed in a scarce edition of 100 paper copies and mainly represented summarized data of the inventory books and original records for the vouchers that were acquired from the Kharkiv Zoo. Russian war of aggression rise concerns about the safety of the Museum and its collections and brings necessity for digitalization of the stored items, in particular the collection of primates as well as historical sources (catalogues, etc.). Given this opportunity, physical and curatorial re-evaluation, taxonomical redetermination, and provenance research were essential and long overdue. This article along with the provided digitalized GBIF dataset (as the Occurrence data type) altogether describe the collection and additionally cover i) history of formation of the MNKNU’s Primates collection, ii) dynamics of the species and quantitative composition of the collection, iii) taxonomic affiliation, iv) types of preservation, v) biogeographic distribution, and vi) IUCN protection categories. Authors express their gratitude to Glib Mazepa, Hector E. Ramirez-Chaves, and Oleksandr Zinenko for their essential help during the preparation of the present work. Special thanks to Andriy Paramonov for his assistance with the identification of the XIXth century Kharkivites, who supplied the collection with several stuffed animals.We are utterly thankful to the colleagues who shared data in the primates collections hosted by other Ukrainian museums – Kron A., Litvinenko S., Skilskyi I., Tkebuchava I., Ulyura E., and Zagorodnuk I.. asNeeded Glib Mazepa Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Researcher

Trinkler str., 8 Kharkiv Kharkiv 61000 UA

mnknu.gbif@gmail.com 0000-0001-6555-1434 Cited from Perevozchikjova et al. (in press): "I. Historical data of the MNKNU primate collection covers period between 1826-1995 and includes following archival sources: i) the original records of the systematic card index of the MNKNU (composed between 1826-1889, and contains 24 records compiled within 1826-1875 for primates); ii) Book for recording additions to the Zoological Cabinet. Material Book (maintained 1826-1862); iii) Systematic catalogue of objects stored in the Zoological Cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University until 1848 (Chernay, 1849); iv) Systematic catalogue of objects stored in the Zoological Cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University until 1848 (Chernay, 1854); v) Inventory book of the Zoological Museum of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (22 March 1937 - 24 July 1941); vi) Inventory workbook № 2 of the Museum of Darwinism of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (1944); vii) Main inventory book of the Museum of Nature of the A. M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (1976) – currently in use and renamed into "Inventory book № 1 of the Museum of Nature of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, started Jan. 1976 - ended 1976, from #1 until #1403"; viii) Inventory book of the Department of the Origin of Human (1948-1995); ix) Catalogue of collections of the Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Primates (Mammalia: Primates) (Levchenko & Perevozchikova, 2009). II. Initial taxonomic determination in the majority of cases relied upon the original labeling of the new acquisitions by the Museum. Specifically, that concerned vouchers from the XIXth century: for those items no taxonomical revision has been conducted ever (archival sources i-iv). During the second half of the XXth century, numerous vouchers have been donated by Kharkiv Zoo, and their determination relied upon original Zoo records, which was reflected in the source viii. This inventory book is an unofficial list for internal departmental use, and the species names were filled in by hand by two museum employees – Rudaeva A.V. (working years 1945-1996) and Levchenko D.R. (1970-2016). Among them, only three specimens were determined by Rudaeva. Hereby, the catalogue (Levchenko & Perevozchikova, 2009) followed taxonomical determinations available from the aforementioned sources i-viii. For present work, we conducted verification and critical taxonomical redetermination of the stuffed animals only (n=103), following systematic framework of the order Primates L., 1758 by the MDD (accessed Aug 2025), redetermination was made with essential assistance of Dr. Hector E. Ramirez-Chaves (Medellin Univ., Colombia). We also verified the collection with the Illustrated checklist by Burgin et al. (2020). As for the rest of vouchers stored in the collection (non-stuffed, n=114), we provided already extant taxonomic records indicating the necessity of such revision in the future. " This electronic primates catalogue of the MNKNU is accompanied by the descriptive data paper (Perevozchikova et al, in press). There are records on 217 vouchers of primates, belonging to 59 taxa, which is the largest collection of primates in Ukraine. Cited from Perevozchikjova et al. (in press): "I. Historical data of the MNKNU primate collection covers period between 1826-1995 and includes following archival sources: i) the original records of the systematic card index of the MNKNU (composed between 1826-1889, and contains 24 records compiled within 1826-1875 for primates); ii) Book for recording additions to the Zoological Cabinet. Material Book (maintained 1826-1862); iii) Systematic catalogue of objects stored in the Zoological Cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University until 1848 (Chernay, 1849); iv) Systematic catalogue of objects stored in the Zoological Cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University until 1848 (Chernay, 1854); v) Inventory book of the Zoological Museum of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (22 March 1937 - 24 July 1941); vi) Inventory workbook № 2 of the Museum of Darwinism of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (1944); vii) Main inventory book of the Museum of Nature of the A. M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (1976) – currently in use and renamed into "Inventory book № 1 of the Museum of Nature of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, started Jan. 1976 - ended 1976, from #1 until #1403"; viii) Inventory book of the Department of the Origin of Human (1948-1995); ix) Catalogue of collections of the Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Primates (Mammalia: Primates) (Levchenko & Perevozchikova, 2009). II. Initial taxonomic determination in the majority of cases relied upon the original labeling of the new acquisitions by the Museum. Specifically, that concerned vouchers from the XIXth century: for those items no taxonomical revision has been conducted ever (archival sources i-iv). During the second half of the XXth century, numerous vouchers have been donated by Kharkiv Zoo, and their determination relied upon original Zoo records, which was reflected in the source viii. This inventory book is an unofficial list for internal departmental use, and the species names were filled in by hand by two museum employees – Rudaeva A.V. (working years 1945-1996) and Levchenko D.R. (1970-2016). Among them, only three specimens were determined by Rudaeva. Hereby, the catalogue (Levchenko & Perevozchikova, 2009) followed taxonomical determinations available from the aforementioned sources i-viii. For present work, we conducted verification and critical taxonomical redetermination of the stuffed animals only (n=103), following systematic framework of the order Primates L., 1758 by the MDD (accessed Aug 2025), redetermination was made with essential assistance of Dr. Hector E. Ramirez-Chaves (Medellin Univ., Colombia). We also verified the collection with the Illustrated checklist by Burgin et al. (2020). As for the rest of vouchers stored in the collection (non-stuffed, n=114), we provided already extant taxonomic records indicating the necessity of such revision in the future. " Cited from Perevozchikjova et al. (in press): "Digitization workflow included: i) Photographing of the stuffed animals by digital camera Canon EOS 1300D, with processor DIGIC 4+ under the following specification: resolution 2973х2685 pixels, ISO – 100, focal distance 18 mm, color depth 24 (sRGB), no flash used; ii) Similarly, photographing of the archival sources i-viii; their pdf versions (pages that contained primate records) were published with the Zenodo digital repository, the associated DOI are provided within References;" Natalia Perevozchikova Svitlana Yeremenko Yurii Yatsenko Glib Mazepa 0000-0001-6555-1434 electronic catalogue with originally reidentified specimens (stuffed animals, n=103) and with listed vouchers of other types of preservation. Voluntarily 2025-09-10T08:48:29.491+00:00 dataset Perevozchikova N, Yeremenko S, Yatsenko Y, Mazepa G (2025). Digitization of the primate collection of the Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Version 1.3. Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Occurrence dataset. https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=mnknu_catalogue_of_primates&v=1.3 Andryshchenko T.G., Ilika R.V., Khlus L.M. (2002). Catalogue of the theriological collections of the Natural Museum of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University. Chernivtsi, Ruta: 52 pp. Anonym (1826-1862). Book for recording additions to the Zoological Cabinet. Material Book [handwritten] Anonym (1826-1875). Cards of the systematic index stored at the MNKNU (XIXth century: 1826 - approx. 1889) [handwritten]. Anonym (1937-1941). Inventory book of the Zoological Museum of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorkyi Kharkiv State University: 69 pp. [handwritten] Bezerra A.M.R., Di Russo E., Castiglia R. (2024). Disseminating “hidden” scientific collections: the medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals at the Museo di Anatomia Comparata “Giovanni Battista Grassi”, Roma, Italy. Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e124810. Burgin C.J., Wilson D.E., Mittermeier R.A., Rylands A.B., Lacher T.E., Sechrest W., eds.. (2020). Illustrated Checklist of the Mammals of the World. Lynx Editions, Barcelona, Spain (2-Volume Set; hardcover): 1166 pp. Chernay A.V., comp. (1849). Systematic catalogue of items stored in the zoological cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University, up to 1848. Kharkiv Univ. press: 103 pp. Chernay A.V., comp. (1854). Systematic catalogue of items stored in the zoological cabinet of the Imperial Kharkiv University, up to 1848. Weber, Kharkiv Univ. press: 286 pp. Grubant V.N. & Rudaeva A.V. (1955). To the history of the Darwinism Museum of the Kharkiv State University. Proceedings of the scientific research Institute of biology and the Biological faculty of the Kharkiv State University of A.M. Gorky, T. 22: 247-252 p. Kron A., Lugovoy O., Roshko V. (2019). The mammal collection (Mammalia) of the Zoological Museum of Uzhhorod National University. Theriologia Ukrainica, 18: 57–64. Ladygina N.M., Basina, comp. (1944). Inventory book № 2 of the Museum of Darwinism of the Biological Faculty of the A.M. Gorkyi Kharkiv State University [handwritten] Levchenko D.R. & Perevozchikova N.M. (2009). Catalogue of collections of the Museum of Nature of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Primates (Mammalia: Primates). Kharkiv University press: 24 pp. Levchenko D.R., Kovalevskaya Y.P., comp. (1976). Main inventory book of the Museum of Nature of the A. M. Gorky Kharkiv State University – currently in use and renamed into “Inventory book № 1 of the Museum of Nature of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, started Jan. 1976 - ended 1976, from #1 until #1403” [handwritten]. Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. Novikov A., Nachychko V. (2025). The digitisation workflow of the herbarium of the State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine (LWS). Biodivers Data J. 2025 Mar 28;13:e148861. Novikov A., Rizun V., Susulovsky A., Hushtan H., Hushtan K., Kuzyarin O., Savytska A., Nachychko V., Susulovska S., Leleka D. (2024). Data mobilisation at the Fund of Invertebrates of the State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine. Biodivers Data J. 2024 Aug 20; 12:e131188. Redikortsev V. (1908). Zoological cabinet and the museum: 329-332 p. in Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Kharkiv University for the first 100 years of its existence (1805-1905). Osipov I.P. & Bagaley D.I., eds.: 357 pp. Reprint (2008). Rudaeva A.V., Levchenko D.R., comp. (1948-1995). Inventory book of the Department of the Origin of Human [handwritten]. Vasyliuk O., Prylutskyi O., Marushchak O., Kuzemko A., Kutsokon I,. Nekrasova O., Raes N., Rusin M. (2022). An Extended dataset of occurrences of species listed in Resolution 6 of the Bern Convention from Ukraine. Biodivers Data J. 2022 Jun 8;10:e84002. Wilson D.E. & Reeder D.M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2: 142 pp. (accessed via https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/). Zatushevskyi A.T., Shydlovskyi I.V., Zakala O.S., et al. (2010). Catalogue of the mammal collection of the Zoological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. Ivan Franko LNU, University press: 442 pp. https://scientific-collections.gbif.org/collection/31867c33-171b-4478-ae9e-8143aae6e819 MNKNU Primates 1826-2005 mounted dried formalin alcohol other vouchers 217 217 f3b1bab1-e799-415f-b383-2ae6d72cad15/v1.3.xml