Description
The dataset consists of registrations of various species of helminths inhabiting bodies of representatives of common herpetofauna species of Ukraine. The dataset is a part of the project "Creating of genetic base of helminths from common species of amphibians and reptiles from the territory of Ukraine" № 29/02-2022(4) funded by National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine aimed on support of young scientists.
Data Records
The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 440 records.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Svitin R, Syrota Y, Kuzmin Y, Marushchak O, Dmytrieva I, Nechai A, Lisitsyna O (2023). Particular records of helminths from common species of herpetofauna of Ukraine. Version 1.8. Ukrainian Nature Conservation Group (NGO). Occurrence dataset. https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=helminthsukraine2022&v=1.8
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Ukrainian Nature Conservation Group (NGO). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: ec73e150-38ce-46ff-9268-70bc0dd86a60. Ukrainian Nature Conservation Group (NGO) publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by Participant Node Managers Committee.
Keywords
Occurrence; Nematoda; Trematoda; Acantocephala; helminths; parasites; endoparasites; herpetofauna; dissections; Ukraine; biodiversity; null; Observation
Contacts
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-7240
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Geographic Coverage
The dataset represents records of helminths made on the entire territory of Ukraine.
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [44.402, 22.17], North East [52.376, 40.188] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
Dataset consists of records of 47 helminths' species from 3 most represented phylums: Nematoda, Acantocephala and Platyhelminthes. The parasites were excluded from representatives of 15 species of herpetofauna of Ukraine (8 from Amphibia class and 7 from Reptilia class).
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Platyhelminthes |
| Class | Chromadorea, Cestoda, Palaeacanthocephala, Monogenea, Trematoda |
| Order | Echinorhynchida, Onchoproteocephalidea, Polystomatidea, Diplostomida, Plagiorchiida, Polymorphida, Rhabditida, Dioctophymatida, Spirurida, Cyclophyllidea |
| Superfamily | Metastrongyloidea |
| Family | Acuariidae, Anisakidae, Centrorhynchidae, Cosmocercidae, Dioctophymatidae, Diplodiscidae, Diplostomidae, Echinorhynchidae, Encyclometridae, Gnathostomatidae, Haematoloechidae, Kathlanidae, Leptophallidae, Macroderidae, Mesocestoididae, Molineidae, Onchocercidae, Opisthorchiidae, Pharyngodonidae, Plagiorchiidae, Pleurogenidae, Polystomatidae, Proteocephalidae, Rhabdiasidae, Strigeidae, Strongyloididae, Telorchiidae |
Temporal Coverage
| Formation Period | 2021/2023 |
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Project Data
The aims of the projects include: - collecting material from the maximum possible number of species of amphibians and reptiles from different regions of Ukraine; - identifying the collected types of parasites using light microscopy methods; - obtain the genetic sequences of the most widely used nuclear (18S) and mitochondrial (soh1).
| Title | Creating of genetic base of helminths from common species of amphibians and reptiles from the territory of Ukraine |
|---|---|
| Identifier | 29/02-2022(4) |
| Funding | The project is funded by National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and is done in the I. I. Schmalhausen institute of zoology NAS of Ukraine. |
| Study Area Description | The projects covers the entire territory of Ukraine and includes the invasive study of communities of helminth presented in the target studied species of herpetofauna. |
| Design Description | The projects is designed by young scientists. |
The personnel involved in the project:
Sampling Methods
During the reporting period, a number of expedition trips were made to various regions of Ukraine to collect material. The most favorable period for catching amphibians is the spring period, when they gather in large groups during spawning. But due to active hostilities and the ban on visiting forests and water bodies, most of the hosts for this project were collected in the period from the end of April to the beginning of May and until the beginning of November. This period is not critical, since the degree of helminth infection of the hosts increases due to active feeding, movement and completion of the spawning period (parasites that have entered the bodies of the hosts in the early larval stages have enough time to develop into adult stages) compared to the period immediately after wintering and under the time of spawning, when the hosts actively hardly eat, and individuals weakened by hyperinvasion of parasites died during wintering. During the warm period of 2022 and 2023 a total of 205 amphibians and reptiles were captured and dissected from Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Poltava Zhytomyr, Vinnytsia, Odesa, Cherkasy, Kyiv regions and the city of Kyiv. These hosts included anuran amphibians: 23 grass frogs Rana temporaria L., 3 moor frogs R. arvalis (Nilsson, 1842), 12 common toads Bufo bufo L., 22 green toads Bufotes viridis (Laurenti, 1768), 12 common spadefoots Pelobates fuscus (Laurenti, 1768), 6 marsh frogs Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), 5 eastern tree frogs Hyla orientalis Bedriaga, 1890, 7 European fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina (L.) and 1 common newt Lissotriton vulgaris (L.); and reptiles: 23 sand lizards Lacerta agilis L., 21 viviparous lizards Zootoca vivipara Lichtenstein, 1823, 6 eastern slowworms Anguis colchica (Nordmann, 1840), 23 grass snakes Natrix natrix L., 7 dice snakes N. tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), 27 European mud turtles Emys orbicularis (L.) and 7 common vipers Vipera berus (L.). The material was collected from various regions of Ukraine, including Zaporizhzhia, Zhytomyr, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Poltava, Odesa, Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv regions and the city of Kyiv. Most of amphibians and reptiles were caught by hand or with a net (modified hydrobiological net or strong fishing net) and several terrapins were captured in traps. The turtle trap used – was the modified crab trap (with wider openings and attached plastic container for the bait). The most effective bait was freshly euthanised fish caught in the same water. Autopsies were performed in field laboratories directly during expedition trips, or live animals were transported to the laboratory of the I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Plastic containers of suitable sizes with holes for ventilation and lined with moist plant substrate, paper towels or soft cloth were used to transport the hosts. Amphibians and reptiles were euthanised by the injection of 10% lidocaine in the brain or bloodstream (terrapins) and dissected. For amphibians, the spinal cord was cut and the spinal canal was washed with saline using the thin Pasteur pipette in order to check for the presence of trematode larvae. This could not be done for reptile parasites due to thin spinal canal as it is too narrow and long. All organs were removed, washed in saline and checked for presence of parasites. The body cavity, large muscles and subcutaneous space was also checked for parasites in selected individuals. Found parasites were carefully removed, placed in small Petri dishes with saline and then fixed accordingly to the taxonomic group. Nematodes and smaller trematodes were fixed with hot 70% ethanol, monogeneans, large trematodes and cestodes were killed with hot water and then fixed with 70% ethanol, acanthocephalans were left in distilled water for up to 24 hours for the proboscis extending and then fixed with 70% ethanol. For larval stages found in cysts, part was excysted and fixed with 70% ethanol, while other part was fixed in cysts or (in case of hyper invasion with one species) counted and not taken. All parasites were transferred to vials with 70% ethanol ad subsequently stored in the fridge. Several monogeneans were fixed in 10% formalin and stored at room temperature. Trematodes were stained with Mayer's hematoxylin in the following stages: soaking the material extracted from 70% ethanol in water (5 min.); immersion in dye (5–10 min., the duration depends on the size of the individuals); immersion in a solution of hydrochloric acid (5 min.); ammonia solution (5 min.); passing through alcohols of increasing concentration (70%, 80%, 90%, 96%, 100% – 5(7) min. for each stage); enlightenment in clove oil (10–15 min.) and inclusion in Canadian balm on a permanent preparation. Dyeing with carmine was carried out according to the following scheme: immersion in dye (5–10 min.); acidified alcohol (5 min.); passing through alcohols of increasing concentration (80%, 90%, 96%, 100% - 5(7) minutes for each stage); enlightenment in clove oil (10–15 min.) and inclusion in Canadian balm on a permanent preparation. Research on the morphology of helminths was carried out under an AmScope T690B light microscope with a digital camera, and photomicrographs were obtained on a ZEISS Axio Imager M1 System microscope at the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Instruments "Animalia" (https://www.izan.kiev.ua/cen-coll.htm ) at the Institute of Zoology. The original and latest redescriptions of species descriptions were used for the determination, as well as the tables given in the monographs of K. M. Ryzhikov with co-authors (Рыжиков, 1980), V. P. Sharpila and N. I. Iskova (Шарпило, 1989) and in separate articles . Some individuals of the larval stages of nematodes and trematodes are defined only to higher taxonomic ranks, because they lack diagnostic features of taxa of a lower rank.
| Study Extent | Out of about 100 species of parasites known for amphibians and reptiles of Ukraine, the authors of this project collected 47 species in preliminary studies. All species were studied by light microscopy methods, but molecular genetic studies were not conducted on the territory of Ukraine. Overall, genetic sequences are available for less than 10% of parasite species, and there are less than 50 points of registrations for these representatives of the world's fauna highlighted for Ukraine. |
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| Quality Control | The authors of the dataset are fully responsible for the quality of data provided in it: accuracy of identification, counting etc. |
Method step description:
- Conducting of field trips in search for the helminths' hosts, possibly infected by the target parasites.
- Humane autopsies of the hosts for the following dissections and study of helminths.
- Extracting and identification of helminths according to the standard methods.
- Georeferencing
- Organizing of the dataset according to the Darwin Core standards.
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | ec73e150-38ce-46ff-9268-70bc0dd86a60 |
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| https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=helminthsukraine2022 |